What is the main metabolic concern for premature infants?

Hypoglycemia is indeed a significant metabolic concern for premature infants. This condition arises because premature infants often have underdeveloped liver and pancreas functions, which may not support the adequate production and regulation of glucose levels. These infants are at a higher risk for hypoglycemia due to several factors, including their smaller glycogen stores, limited ability to perform gluconeogenesis, and high metabolic rates. The stress of being premature can also lead to increased utilization of glucose.

Management of blood sugar levels in premature infants is critical, as episodes of hypoglycemia can lead to serious complications, including neurological impairment. Therefore, monitoring and maintaining stable blood glucose levels is a key aspect of care in this vulnerable population.

Hyperglycemia, while it can occur in premature infants, is less common than hypoglycemia and typically arises from other medical conditions or excessive intravenous glucose administration. Hyperthermia and hypothermia are also important considerations in the care of premature infants, but they relate more to temperature regulation and environmental control rather than directly to metabolic concerns.